Specialized Scientific Quarterly Journal of Accounting Strategies

The Evolution of Accounting from Traditional Models to Smart Accounting: Examining the Role of Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Big Data in the Future of Financial Reporting

Articles in Press

Document Type : Review article

Author

Amirhossein Ehsanifard

Student public administration university of Tehran

Abstract
Accounting is a discipline that has evolved alongside human civilization, making significant strides over the years and successfully addressing the need for financial information and record-keeping. The earliest traces of accounting date back to 3600 BC, originating from the Sumerian civilization. In the last decade, digital transformation—driven particularly by the expansion of technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data, and cloud computing—has fundamentally altered the structures, processes, and functions of accounting systems. Under these circumstances, relying solely on traditional accounting methods is no longer sufficient to meet the growing organizational demands for speed, accuracy, transparency, and the reliability of financial information.

Accordingly, this study aims to elucidate the transition process from traditional to smart accounting and to propose a conceptual framework for aligning fundamental accounting principles with modern technologies. In terms of objective, this is an applied study; methodologically, it is descriptive and grounded in prior research. The findings indicate that modern technologies—while upholding established accounting principles and foundations—facilitate enhanced financial reporting quality, increased transparency, reduced human error, improved decision-making processes, strengthened internal controls, and greater audit efficiency..

Keywords

Smart accounting
traditional accounting
digital transformation
artificial intelligence
Subjects

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